watson



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

GI AI SEGTIONAL BOILER.

No. 521,746. Patented June 19, 1894.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. A. WATSON.

SEOTIONAL BOILER.

"IIIIIIII'IIA VIIIIIIIIII/IIIIII Patented June 19, 1894.

No. 521,746. E

INVENTORE W/IVEN SES'. g? 1 Av.

Attorney.

THE NAYIONAL (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

G. A. WATSON. SEGTIONAL BOILER.

N6. 521,746. Patented June 19, 1894.

INVENTOR:

- 3 7 Gui/SL1; WITNESSES:

W g 2.1 5 BJ m Attorney.

M NATIONAL umuclumna comm;

WAIBHIHGTO". D- c- UNITED STATES GEORGE A. WATSON, OF TORONTO, CANADA, ASSIGNOR TO WILLIAM LAIRD, OF'NEW YORK, N. Y.

PATENT OFF-ICE.

HENRY SEOCTIONAL BOIL.ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 521,746, dated June 19, 1894. 7

Application filed August 29, 1s 93. Serial No. 484,292. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. WATSON, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, and a resident of Toronto, in the county of York, Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented certain Improvements in Sectional Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in that class of heating furnaces of which the furnace illustrated and claimed in my Patent No. 503,817, dated August 22, 1893, is a type, and the object of my invention is to provide certain improvements in the con-. struction of such furnaces whereby certain advantages of economy and improved results I are attained, all as will be hereinafter fully described. I

The novel features of my invention will be carefully defined in the claims.

In order that my invention may be the better understood I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings a furnace provided with my improvements, in which drawings Figure l is a perspective view of the furnace complete and Fig. 2 is a vertical axial section of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical axial section of the furnace taken in a plane at substantially right angles to Fig. 2. Fig. tis a vertical section taken in the plane at right angles to Fig. 2, and passing through the bolts or rods N". Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views drawn to an enlargedscale and illustrating certain details of construction to be referred to more particularly hereinafter.

In the views A represents the shell or casing of the furnace and B the ash-pit of the same which is provided with the usual ashdoor. 7

0 indicates the grate pivotally hung at the base of the fire-pot and adapted to be rocked in its bearings by means of a shaker which may be applied over the squared projecting end c of one of its trunnions.

E is the fuel-magazine provided Witha cover F, said magazine opening at its lowerend into the fire-pot D, and G, G, are air-tubes or fiues leading from the ash-pit below the grate to the upper part of the fire-pot D.

H, H, are draft fines leading from the lower end of the fire-pot 1) above the grate to'the outlet 'tothe chimney.

The fire being kind-led in the fire-pot at or near the level of the grate O is fed with fuel descending from the magazine in the usual manner, and with air partly from the ash-pit directlythrough the grate and partly from the ash-pit by way of tubes G, to the upper part of the combustion chamber or fire-pot and thence in a down-draft to the point of combustion. In this manner the fuel in the fire-pot is more completely consumed and the carbon and hydrogen of the fuel are caused to combine with the oxygen of the air to produce the gaseous products of combustion which pass away through fines H whereby the production of soot, &c., is almost wholly avoided.

So far as described my furnace herein illustrated presents no particular novelty over the construction set forth and claimed in the above-mentioned patent except in the parpatent since by its employment the operator is enabled to regulate the draft to a nicety, and further in that the cost of construction is considerably lessened by provid-' ing the air tubes in the nature of separate castings with open ends the lower of which communicates with the ash-pitB through an opening g in the wall thereof and the upper end of which communicates through an opening 9 in shell A with an interior horizontal tube 9 extending across the space between the fire-pot and the shell as seen. These castings forming the air tubes are provided with perforated lugs g at each end, through the perforations of which pass bolts g whereby the tubes are secured in place.

A second feature of the invention not set forth in the above-mentioned patent is the construction and arrangement of the draft fines H, for conveying the products of com-.'

order to overcome this disadvantage I arrange the grate O at a slight distance below the lower end of the fire-pot D whereby an annular gas-space I is formed surrounding the lower end thereof with which space communicate the lower ends of the fines H, arranged inan annularseries as seen. In order to prevent the accumulation of ashes and cinders in this gas space 1, whereby the draft might be interfered with, the said space is provided with a downwardly and inwardly sloping bottom '5, whereby no lodgment is afforded thereof,- and in .order to further avoid this danger the lower edge of the fire-pot wall is provided with depending fingers a", whereby thisspace is to a certain extent closed off from the fire-pot. In order to admit of access to this gas-space, for observing the condition of the fire, cleaning, &c., I have provided the sight-door 2' at the front of the furnace.

In orderto guard against the formation of clinkers,.&.c., on the walls of the fire-pot D and torrender any clinkers which may form in the fire-pot easyof removal, .I have provided the interior walls thereof witha series ofvertical projecting ribs 1). These ribsserve to hold the fuel slightly away from thewalls of thefire-pot whereby the liability of clinkers forming thereon is prevented.

My invention further contemplates certain improvements in the construction of. the furnace ina seriesof; separate andindependent rings or sections adapted to be set one upon the. other together with means for securing such rings or sections together, the object of this construction being to reduce. the cost of the, furnace as much as possible and to render it easy of assemblage and this construction I will now describe.

1 is the base. ring or section having a flat bottom. as shown and constituting the ash-pit of the furnace. On this base ring is mounted thesectioni2 having the form of the frustum of an inverted cone and provided at opposite:sides-with openings 9', over which fit the lower endsof the air-tubes G. On the top of this section 2 is mounted the ring or section 3 havingthe bearings c of the grate G as seen, said bearings depending below the upper edge of the section 2 and being arranged in such a position that the trunnion c of the grate projects through an opening in one of the air tubes G.

Mounted on the top of section 3 is the intermediate section 4 in which is formed the fire-pot D, having the fingers a" as clearly seen, said fire-pot being of a diameter considerably less than that of the section 4 whereby an annular space 4 is left between the firepot .and the walls of the section 4, which space contains the draft fines H, as seen in Fig. 6, which is a perspective view of the section 4 with its top broken out for purposes of illustration. At its center this section 4 has formed in it the tubular projection 4 forming the lower end of the fuel-magazine and said section is closed at its top by the cover or diaphragm 5, having openings for the upper ends of the fines H, as clearly seen in the sectional views. The upper edge of the tube 4 is grooved about its inner surface to provide a seat for the lower end of a thilnble 5 forming the next higher section of the magazine E.

On the top of the section 4: is arranged the section 6 having an annular chamber 6 projecting interior-1y at a slight elevation above the cover 5 of section 4. The centraliperforation (l of this annular chamber 6 is of a size greater than and surrounds the thimhle 5 of the fuel magazine, whereby a free annular space or flue is left about thesame for the upward passage of the. products of combustion from the draft flues .I-l.

Mounted on the section 6 is the ring or section 8 having a form very similar to that of the section 4:. This section 8 has alsoianannular chamber 8" projecting interiorly-at a slight elevation from the cover plate 17 of sec tion 6 whereby a free passage isleft therebetween, but the central opening of said annular chamber 8*is of smaller diametenthan the chamber 6, and the inner wall. 8 of said chamber rests on the upperedges of the thimble 5 and forms the next higher section of the fuel magazine. The chamber 8 of this section corresponds to the chamber 4 of section 4 and'withinit are arranged an. annular seriesof short draft flues 8.

Mounted on the section8 is the crown or cover section 10 having a central depending tube 10 forming the mouth .of the fuel magazine andrcsting on the wall 8" of sectionS, and 10 is the outlet from said cover section to the chimney. Said cover is also provided with oppositely arranged cleaning doors 10 as seen in Fig. 1. Thus it will be seen that the products of combustion passing off from the fire-pot D take an upward course through the fines H, thence into the chamber formed between diaphragm 5 and the-section 6, thence through the centralperforation 6 of section 6 into the chamber between cover 7 of section 6 and the section 8, thence through lines 8 into the upper section 10 and thence to the chimney. The object of this employment of aseriesof sectionsis partly as stated, to cheapen the cost of construction of the furnace and partly to utilize to the greatest degree the wasteheat from the products of combustion passing through the up per part of the furnace by providing a series of water chambers therein whereby hot water or steam may be employed for heating purposes, and at the same time the walls of the several flues and chambers be prevented from being burned out.

I will now proceed to describe the course taken by the water circulating through the furnace.

Mounted on the rear side of the section 3 which is hollow being of a triangular form in cross section, is a water chamber J having a central diaphragm j dividing it into two compartmentsj and 9''. One of these compartments j" has a closed top and is provided with a nipple j to which is connected the feed pipej as seen in Fig. 1. The diaphragm 3' extends completely across the hollow of the section 3 and each of the compartments 3 is provided with 'a port, 7' j, respectively, communicating with said hollow on opposite sides of diaphragm j. Thusit will be seen that the water from the feed inlet enters the section 3.which surrounds the gas space I of the furnace and is exposed to a very intense heat, by way of the port j passes completely around the same and escapes by the outlet port 9' on the other side of diaphragm j into compartment j, whence it passes through an opening in the top of said compartment upward into a secondwater chamber K, formed on the rear side of the intermediate section 4 and aligned with chamber J Chamber K is likewise divided into two compartments k, by partition is, which is continued completely across the space 43 as seen in Fig. 6, into one of which compartments 70* the water from chamber J enters. Thence the water escapes through port 10 into space 4., passes completely around said space and escapes through port 70 on the opposite side of partition is into compartment is, which like compartment j has an open top through which the water passes into the next higher water chamber L formed on the rear side of section 6 as seen in Fig. 5. This chamber L is provided with a partition 1 dividing it into two compartments l 1, having ports Z Z respectively which communicate with the hollow of section 6 on opposite sides of partition Z, which extends completely across said hollow. The water enters the compartment Z through the opening in the base thereof circulates around section 6 and passes out through the port Z into compartment Z ,whence it passes through an opengether, I have provided in the partitions or diaphragms of the water chambers, openings N, as seen in Figs. 5 and 6, into and through, which pass bolts or rods N whereby when the sections are properly assembled they may be secured rigidly together by means of nuts or the like. In order to dispense with the employment of other bolts for securing the sections together, I have provided the respective sections with overlapping circumferential flanges or lips 00, the purpose of which is to prevent the sections from turning upon boltsCN and becoming displaced when once secured together.

In order to permit the escape of any gas which may collect in the fuel magazine into the outlet to the chimney instead of into the room, I have provided in the upper part of the walls of said magazine a series of small perforations e and have provided the cover F with a tight fitting cap plate f adapted to rest on the upper edge of said magazine and with a depending partition f adapted to fit snugly into the said magazine slightly below the openings 6 whereby any gases which may collect above partition f will pass through the openings 6 and escape to the chimney.

I do not wish to limit myself to the precise construction and arrangement of the several parts as herein set forth as it is evident many changes may be made therein without material departure from the principles of my invention. For'instance the sections 6 and 8 might be dispensed with or an additional number of such sections might be employed making more or fewer water chambers, or bolts might be employed at various points about the circumference of the sections for holding the same together in lieu of the flanges 00. Or instead of employing two bolts .1. x running throughthewaterchambers,theopening N might be extended entirely through all of said chambers and but one bolt employed.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- -1. In a sectional boiler, the fire-pot section having double walls whereby a fire-pot and a surrounding water space are formedtherein, said fire-pot having a contracted upper portion forming the mouth of the fuel magazine, a partition extending across said annular water-space from the outer to the inner wall and to the mouth of the fuel magazine and inlet and outlet ports arranged on opposite sides of said partition, substantially as described.

\ 2. The combination, in a furnace, of a firepot section having double walls whereby an annular water space is formed therein, a grate below the same whereby an annular gas-space is formed between said grate and fire-pot section, a series of gas flues extending through said water space and connecting at their lower ends with the said gas space, and aseries of air fiues extending horizontally across said water-space and connecting at their in ner ends with the interior of the fire-pot above a said gas space, substantially as described.

3. The combination in a furnace, of a casing, a grate arranged therein, a hollow firepot section having its lower portion arranged above said grate whereby an annular gasspace is formed between said grate and firepot section, said fire-pot section being provided with a series of fingers depending into the combustion chamber whereby the gasspace is partially separated therefrom, anda series of draft-lines extending through the hollow of the fire-pot section and connecting pot section above the lower ends of the gasflues substantially as set forth.

5. In a boiler-furnace the combination of the grate, the fire-pot section above the same having an annular water chamber surrounding the fire-pot, upwardly leading gas-fines or tubes passing through the water-chamber, and the draft tubes external tothe fire-pot section and communicating with the upper part of the fire-pot, so that the currents of air pass upwardly outside of the walls of the furnace, inwardly into the upper part of the fire-pot, downwardly through the same, and then upwardly through the internal gas flues of the fire pot section, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereuntosigned my name in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses;

GEO, A. WATSON.

Witnesses:

ANNIE TODD, HARRY CRESSWELL. 

